parsons



' 2 Sheets-81mm 1.,

(R0 mom.

C. A. PARSONS.

. ROTARY MOTOR.

No. 391,011. Patented 0ot.16,1888.

' (no Model.)

2 Shets-Sheet 2.

c. A. PARSONS.

ROTARY MOTOR.

Patented Oct. 16, 1888 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI E.

DURHAM,

ROTARY' MOTOR.

ENGLAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 391,071. dated October 1-6, 1888.

V Applleation filml July II. l8". Serial No.2fl'27. (No model.) Patented la France November 6, lit-"l. X0. tot-J99; in Belgium November 6, list, So. (-0.791. and May 17, IP87, No. 17.622;

In Gennany November I, I 38. No. 83,006. and May $3, 1887, No.

.479; in Italy Den-tuber 3|. "84. No. til; in Sweden April 10, I885. .\'o. 990, and in England April 12, 1887. X0. 5.31'2.

.To ail whom it may concern.-

lc it known that I, (JttAnLl-Js -AI.Gl-IR.\'U.\' PARSONS, a subject of the Qt. :eu of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Gatesheadon-Tyue, in the county of Durham, England, lnu'einvented Improvements in Rotary Motors Actuated by Elastic Fluid-Pressure, applicable also as pumps, (for which I have received patents in Great Britain April 12,1887, No. 5,312; in France by certificate ot'addition, datedhlay 25, 1887, to Patent No. 165.199, dated November 6, 1884; in Belgium by patent of improvement. No. 77.622, dated May 27, 1887, to No. 66,794, dated November 6. 1884; in Germany by patent of addition, No. 41,479, dated May 28, 1887, to No. 33.066, dated X0- vcmber 7,1884; in Sweden by Patent No. 990, dated April 10, 1885, and in Italy by atent No. 484, dated December 3l,1SSt,) of which the following is a specification.

My present. improvementshave referenceto motors and pumps of the type described in the specification of my former patent, No. 32$,710, dated October 20, 1855.

Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is a side elevation, partly in longitudinal section, of a motor embodying, certain improvements hercinat'ter described, this motor hei -g. however,

- constructed in the Thain on the principle set out in my original specification. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 show alternative devices for preventing leakage past the motorshat't, as hereinafter more fully explained.

In the motorillustratcd in Fig. l the motive tlnid enters a central chamber, a, and from this central chamber it passes in succession through a number of motors ot' the turbine type, falling in pressure as it proceeds, and its velocity during its passagethrough the blades does not greatly exceed that of the motor. So far the arrangement agrees with whatis described in myoriginalspecification. In the construction described in that specification the space tor the actuating-fluid increased either continuously or step by step, the increase being gained either by an increased area or by an increased pitch of the blades, or both.

.\'ow,aceo|di ng to my present improvements,

thesets oi turbines are similar to those described in the preceding specification, and they are all tlxedpu one spindle, h. They are of ditl'erent diameters,the diameterbeing considcrably increased step by step to allow the steam as it expands to tiow through larger turbines, as well as those of greater piteh,as before described. The arrangement is such that ahighcr circumferential velocity can be attained as the pressure falls.

In the arrangement illustrated by way of example in Fig. 1 there are six setsof turbines; but other numbers or multiples of sets may be employed according to convenience or requiremcnt. In the illustration the six sets constitute three pairs. Commencing from the center,c and c' constitute the first pair of setsot' turbines. 'lheir exhaust ends are connected by a passage, d. c and e constitute the second pair of sets of turbines. The diameter of this pair is considerably larger than the diameter of the first pair, 0 amt c. The turbines cc are connected by a passage, f. yand g'constitutc a third pair of turbines. They are connected by a passage, It, through which the steam exhausts, it may be, to the atmosphere, or it may be to the condenser. The objectot'conuecting the exhaust ends of the cylinders of each pair oftnrbines by a passage, as described, (orthcrc might be more than one such passage,) is to insure that the stoma-pressures acting on the annular surfaces which are formed when a larger turbine follows one of smaller diameter shall be kept equal, thus insuring that the spindle of the motor shall be preserved from eml-pressure. In proportioning the turbines I endeavor to attain the best total aggregate et'ticieney when leakage and-slip are taken into account. The rate of increase of the diameters ofthe turbines is dependenton the initial and final steam pressures which are to be employed.

In some cases it will be convenient to supply the compound motor with steam at or near the atmospheric pressure and to exhaust into a condenser. Under these circnstanccs it is preferable to admit the steam at the ends of center. The smaller turbines are then placed at the ends of the spindle, the larger turbines being placed near the center of the spindle. If high-pressu re steam be used and the exhaust he delivered into a condenser, it is advantageous to make the joint at each end of the the motor and to allow it to exhaust at the ICO spindlqwhere it emerges from the caseor exterior cylinder of the motor,by water admitted to an annular groove around the spindle.

Figs. 2, 3,-and 4 illustrate this improvement under ditiercnt modifications. In each case i is an annular groove around the spindle, and k is a pipe by which water is admitted to the said annular groove. Saclrwater can conveniently be obtained from the hot well or feed. In Fig. 2 packing-rings are used similar to those employed in my original arrangement, the water admitted through the pipe I: and

.space i forming an airtight joint. In Fig. 3

the spindle is serrated by a spiral groove cut in it to diminish the quantity of water drawn in by the vacuum of the condenser, and thus enable a smaller supply of water to stanch the joint. Ithas been found that such a groove or series of spiral grooves will have a powerful action on water when the spindle is revolving at a high rate of speed Referring now to 1-, i. is found in practice that individual paeking-rings of the kind shown in Fig. 4 do not wear well at very high rates of speed when subjected to considerable fluid-pressure. Therefore, when exhausting into a condenser it is ad vantageous to use several such packing-rings in such a manner that the pressure shall distribute itself between them. Such an arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 4, where there are three rings, I l l, and one ring, 112, each running in a groove in the end of the cylinder. To the annular cavity around the spindle, as also to these grooves, a small quantity of steam is admitted to prevent air being drawn into the co ndenscr. This small quantity of steam may be drawn from the prcssu re-steam pipe or place of lower p rcssure in the motor; but it is preferable to control its flow by asmall cquilibrimn-valve, (not shown,) so as to maintain a pressure in the annular space slightly above the pressure of the at- 3. In a rotary motor (or pump) comprising outer cylinders with rings of blades and inner cylinders with rings of blades mounted ona shaft or spindle to rotate within said outer cylinders, a groove surrounding said shalt or spindle and supplied with water or steam to prevent air entering the exhaust-chamber and vitiatingthe vacuum with or without packingrings, as described.

4. The improved rotary motor (or pump) comprising a central chamber, a, sets of turbines fixed on a spindle, b, said turbines consisting of three or other convenient number of pairs, the turbines having the exhaust ends ofthose constituting each pair connected by passages, as described, and shown by c c'and d,- c e audf, and g g and h.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

- t'ILHlLlIS .tLGlIllNON PARSONS.

Witnesses:

J. Masos LATIIAM, 'ALTl-Ilt H. GOLDING, Clerks to Messrs. li'uI-vnu Jh-nrly, Suliriloru,

. Kcwcaslleupon Tyne. 

